Date: Sun, 18 Apr 1999 18:10:09 -0500 From: Yoshie Furuhashi <furuhashi.1-AT-osu.edu> Subject: Naming and Reality (was Re: BHA:International law a subset of Tobin wrote: >Yoshie: Correct me if I'm mistaken, but wasn't the phrase "ethnic cleansing" >invented by the Serbs (or more exactly, Milosevic and/or his supporters)? To my knowledge, "ethnic cleansing" was one of the ideological terms invented by PR firms and the mass media. No one has presented me evidence that it came from the Serbs. (BTW, how do you say "ethnic cleansing" in the Albanian and Serbo-Croatian languages? Does anyone know?) The forwarded post below gives us some insight into the making of war propaganda (which has served both secessionist-nationalists the Balkans and Germany, the USA, and other NATO nations that have been interested in extending the economic, political, military, and ideological control over the area, among other objectives, most important of which is to give a credible justification for the continuation and expansion of NATO in the post-cold-war world). The same happened in the war propaganda for the Gulf War as well. Remember the story of Iraqui soldiers tearing Kuwaiti babies from incubators, which later got exposed as a hoax concocted by a PR firm and dramatically enacted by a daughter of the Kuwaiti ambassador to America? What was happening in Kosovo before the NATO bombings was not a "genocide" or "ethnic cleansing" but a battle between the Kosovo Liberation Army and the Yugoslav government, during which about 2,000 people died. According to Barbara Trent's documentary film _The Panama Deception_, more Panamanians (estimated figures ranging from 2,000 to 6,000) died during the US invasion of Panama in a far shorter period of time (three days of intense bombings of densely populated areas). ***** How did the Serbs come to be viewed as fascists in this conflict? This characterization has now become an accepted fact, an issue beyond debate. It makes U.S. motives seem unimpeachable and on the side of good against evil. In April 1993 Jacques Merlino, associate director of French TV 2, interviewed James Harff director of Ruder Finn Global Public Affairs, a Washington, D.C-based public relations firm. The interview shows the role of the corporate media in shaping a political issue. Harff bragged of his services to his clients--the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, and the parliamentary opposition in Kosovo, an autonomous region of Serbia. Merlino described how Harff uses a file of several hundred journalists, politicians, representatives of humanitarian associations, and academics to create public opinion. Harff explained: "Speed is vital . . . it is the first assertion that really counts. All denials are entirely ineffective." In the interview, Merlino asked Harff what his proudest public relations endeavor was. Harff responded: "To have managed to put Jewish opinion on our side. This was a sensitive matter, as the dossier was dangerous looked at from this angle. President Tudjman was very careless in his book, Wastelands of Historical Reality. Reading his writings one could accuse him of anti-Semitism. [Tudjman claimed the Holocaust never happened.] In Bosnia the situation was no better: President Izetbegovic strongly supported the creation of a fundamentalist Islamic state in his book, The Islamic Declaration. "Besides, the Croatian and Bosnian past was marked by real and cruel anti-Semitism. Tens of thousands of Jews perished in Croatian camps, so there was every reason for intellectuals and Jewish organizations to be hostile toward the Croats and the Bosnians. Our challenge was to reverse this attitude and we succeeded masterfully. "At the beginning of July 1992, New York Newsday came out with the article on Serb camps. We jumped at the opportunity immediately. We outwitted three big Jewish organizations--the B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation League, The American Jewish Committee and the American Jewish Congress. In August, we suggested that they publish an advertisement in the New York Times and organize demonstrations outside the United Nations. "That was a tremendous coup. When the Jewish organizations entered the game on the side of the [Muslim] Bosnians, we could promptly equate the Serbs with the Nazis in the public mind. Nobody understood what was happening in Yugoslavia. The great majority of Americans were probably asking themselves in which African country Bosnia was situated. "By a single move we were able to present a simple story of good guys and bad guys which would hereafter play itself We won by targeting the Jewish audience. Almost immediately there was a clear change of language in the press, with use of words with high emotional content such as ethnic cleansing, concentration camps, etc., which evoke images of Nazi Germany and the gas chambers of Auschwitz. No one could go against it without being accused of revisionism. We really batted a thousand in full." Merlino replied, "But between 2 and 5 August 1992, when you did this, you had no proof that what you said was true. All you had were two Newsday articles." "Our work is not to verify information," said Harff. "We are not equipped for that. Our work is to accelerate the circulation of information favorable to us, to aim at judiciously chosen targets. We did not confirm the existence of death camps in Bosnia, we just made it widely known that Newsday affirmed it.... We are professionals. We had a job to do and we did it. We are not paid to moralize." (Sara Flounders, "Nato in the Balkans", can be ordered from http://www.iacenter.org) Louis Proyect (http://www.panix.com/~lnp3/marxism.html) ***** Yoshie --- from list bhaskar-AT-lists.village.virginia.edu ---
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